“老师一讲就懂，自己一做就错”——这大概是很多九年级同学学习定语从句时最想吐槽的点了吧？?? 特别是which和that的区别，简直就像一对双胞胎，明明长得像，偏偏用法不一样！别急，我今天就用最接地气的方式，帮你把这俩”冤家”理清楚～
?? 先搞懂基础：它们到底是谁？
定语从句其实就是个”跟屁虫”，永远跟着名词或代词（叫先行词）后面跑，功能相当于一个加长版形容词。which和that都是关系代词，起着承上启下的连接作用。
核心区别：
which：专一型，只指物
that：全能型，指人指物都可以
比如：
“Football is a game which/that? is liked by most boys.”（指物，两者通用）
“The boy that? is standing there is my brother.”（指人，不用which）
?? 关键时刻必须用that的7种情况
这是中考必考点！下面这7种情况，记得抱紧that的大腿：
先行词是”不定代词”时：something, anything, everything, nothing等
“Is there anything that? you want to buy in the market?”
先行词被”最高级”修饰时：the most, the best等
“The Palace Museum is the best place that? I have ever visited.”
先行词被”序数词”修饰时：the first, the second等
“He was the first person that? passed the exam.”
先行词被the only, the very, the same等修饰时
“Lee is the only person that? I know in our class.”
先行词同时包含”人和物”时
“I can remember the people and buildings
(that) I saw in Beijing.”
主句是who或which开头的疑问句时（避免重复）
“Who is the girl that? is singing?”
主句是there be结构时
“There is a book on the desk that? belongs to Tom.”
?? 只能用which的3种特殊情况
虽然that很强大，但which也有自己的”专属领地”：
关系代词前有介词时（介词+which）
“This is the room in which? he lives.”
引导非限制性定语从句时（从句前有逗号）
“The house, which? we bought last month, is very nice.”
对比：”This is the house (which/that) we bought last month.”（限制性）
先行词是that或those时
“What’s
that which? was put in the box?”
?? 我的实战经验分享
作为一个过来人，我总结了个懒人记忆法：
“不定代、最高级、序数词，还有only和very——这些情况选that准没错！”
做题时按这个顺序排查：
先看有没有逗号 → 有逗号大概率选which
再看是不是”介词+关系词”结构 → 是就选which
检查是否满足that的7种特殊情况
如果都不符合 → which/that可以互换
易错点提醒：
关系词在从句中作宾语时可以省略，但作主语时绝对不能省
记住几个固定搭配：”the way in which/that”（方式）、”the reason why/for which”（原因）
个人心得：其实定语从句没那么可怕，多读几组典型例句，感受其中的逻辑，比死记硬背规则有效得多。下次做题时，试试我这个小技巧，相信你会有”原来如此”的顿悟感！?
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